top ten self watering planters

10 Best Self-Watering Planters for Indoor Plants

You’ve got places to be—camping trips, weekends away, maybe even just forgetting to water your plants for weeks—so why not grab a self-watering planter that’s got your back? These sleek, durable pots use smart wicks, clear water windows, and roomy reservoirs to keep your ferns, succulents, or monsteras happy and hydrated. They’re lightweight, crack-resistant, and some even come in fun colors with zero algae-gunk indicators. And hey, wouldn’t it be nice to come home from vacation to thriving plants instead of sad, wilted drama queens? Good ones last weeks without a drop, handle sun or shade, and won’t leak all over your favorite coaster—plus, there’s a cool trick some use to keep roots from getting soggy. You’ll love how easy they make plant care, especially when you see which ones even come with bonus coir pellets or removable inner pots for stress-free cleaning. Stick around, and you’ll find out which models top the charts with thousands of happy plant parents.

TLDR

  • Self-watering planters use built-in reservoirs and wicking systems to deliver water gradually, reducing overwatering and root rot.
  • Look for models with side-view water level indicators for easy monitoring without moving plants or clearing foliage.
  • Durable, UV-resistant plastics like polypropylene prevent cracking, fading, and warping in indoor environments.
  • Removable inner pots allow for easy cleaning, plant maintenance, and reduced stress during handling.
  • Choose appropriate sizes with 6–8 inches of root space and reservoirs that last 10+ days for optimal indoor plant health.

Our Top Self-Watering Planter Picks

Indoor Self-Watering Planters with Saucers (6-Pack)Indoor Self-Watering Planters with Saucers (6-Pack)Best OverallSelf-Watering System: Wick with reservoirDrainage: Multiple bottom holesIncluded Saucer: Yes (1 per pot)VIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review
5-Pack Self-Watering Plant Pots (Black)5-Pack Self-Watering Plant Pots (Black)Best ValueSelf-Watering System: Wick-based sub-irrigationDrainage: Breathable drainage systemIncluded Saucer: Yes (5 reusable trays)VIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review
Dexceder Self-Watering Indoor Plant Pot (White)Dexceder Self-Watering Indoor Plant Pot (White)Premium PickSelf-Watering System: Sub-irrigation with wickDrainage: Drainage plug and spillwayIncluded Saucer: No (dual-pot design replaces saucer)VIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review
Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots Set of 5Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots Set of 5Most PopularSelf-Watering System: Wick with removable feederDrainage: Mesh drainage holesIncluded Saucer: Yes (included)VIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review
GARDENIX DECOR Self-Watering Pots 3-PackGARDENIX DECOR Self-Watering Pots 3-PackBudget-Friendly PickSelf-Watering System: Leg-lift reservoir systemDrainage: Outlet with inner pot legsIncluded Saucer: No (integrated reservoir)VIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review
GarveeLife 22.5″ Self-Watering Planters (Set of 2)GarveeLife 22.5 Self-Watering Planters (Set of 2)Editor’s ChoiceSelf-Watering System: Capillary action wickDrainage: Integrated drainage holesIncluded Saucer: No (double-tray design)VIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review
Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots with DrainageSelf-Watering Plastic Plant Pots with DrainageBest for TravelersSelf-Watering System: Rope-fed bottom reservoirDrainage: Bottom drainage holesIncluded Saucer: Not specifiedVIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review
Self-Watering Pots for Indoor/Outdoor Plants (White)Self-Watering Pots for Indoor/Outdoor Plants (White)Most VersatileSelf-Watering System: Cotton wick with trayDrainage: Strategic drainage holesIncluded Saucer: Yes (removable tray)VIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review
Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots Set of 5Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots Set of 5Best DurabilitySelf-Watering System: Removable wick feederDrainage: Mesh drainage holesIncluded Saucer: Yes (included)VIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review
4 Pack Self-Watering Pots for Indoor Plants4 Pack Self-Watering Pots for Indoor PlantsIdeal for BeginnersSelf-Watering System: Cotton wick with clear reservoirDrainage: Ventilation holesIncluded Saucer: Yes (clear reservoir acts as saucer)VIEW LATEST PRICERead Our Review

More Details on Our Top Picks

  1. Indoor Self-Watering Planters with Saucers (6-Pack)

    Indoor Self-Watering Planters with Saucers (6-Pack)

    Best Overall

    View Latest Price

    If you’re the kind of plant lover who sometimes forgets to water your leafy roommates—or you’re just tired of playing detective with soggy soil and crispy edges—then these Indoor Self-Watering Planters with Saucers (6-Pack) are basically like hiring a tiny, silent plant butler for your home jungle. You get six matte-black pots (from 5” to 8”) with thick 4mm walls, so they’re tough but light—perfect for shuffling around your space or even packing for a plant sleepover at a friend’s. Each one’s got drainage holes, a built-in water reservoir, and a wick system that pulls moisture up like a straw, so roots stay happy but not drowning. The saucers catch overflow, which means no more mystery puddles on your desk. Made from recyclable plastic and carbonfree certified, they’re eco-friendly without being preachy. Plus, with a 4.6-star rating from over 4,000 plant parents, they’re basically the class valedictorian of planters.

    • Self-Watering System:Wick with reservoir
    • Drainage:Multiple bottom holes
    • Included Saucer:Yes (1 per pot)
    • Material:Recyclable polypropylene
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor only
    • Water Level Indicator:No
    • Additional Feature:Carbonfree Certified
    • Additional Feature:Thick 4mm sidewalls
    • Additional Feature:Matte modern finish
  2. 5-Pack Self-Watering Plant Pots (Black)

    You’re going to love how easy these Carsapro 5-Pack Self-Watering Plant Pots make indoor gardening—especially if you’re the kind of person who forgets to water your plants (hey, we’ve all been there, right?). Just fill the base, and boom—your plants drink when they’re thirsty, thanks to the smart self-watering design. The breathable drainage keeps roots happy (no more soggy soil!), and the wood-grain saucers? Super cute and functional for airflow. Made of tough, weather-resistant plastic, they won’t crack or fade—even if you accidentally knock one over during your late-night snack runs. Lightweight and sleek in black, they’re perfect for windowsills, shelves, or even camping trips (yes, really—pack a herb pot in your trunk!). With a 4.5-star rating and a top 100 ranking in planters, they’re clearly a fan favorite. Plus, you can customize them with eco-paints or funky fabrics—turn “basic” pots into your own mini art project. And hey, if anything goes wrong, their 24/7 support and 6-month warranty’ve got your back. Honestly, for succulents, herbs, or cacti, these are a no-brainer.

    • Self-Watering System:Wick-based sub-irrigation
    • Drainage:Breathable drainage system
    • Included Saucer:Yes (5 reusable trays)
    • Material:Premium plastic
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor and outdoor
    • Water Level Indicator:No
    • Additional Feature:Reusable wood-grain saucers
    • Additional Feature:Weather-resistant for seasons
    • Additional Feature:Eco-paint customization friendly
  3. Dexceder Self-Watering Indoor Plant Pot (White)

    Dexceder Self-Watering Indoor Plant Pot (White)

    Premium Pick

    View Latest Price

    Let’s be real—how many of us have killed a perfectly good plant just by either drowning it or forgetting it exists for three weeks? The Dexceder self-watering pot fixes that mess with style. You get a sleek, glossy white planter that looks like ceramic but won’t crack or fade—even in sunlight. Its smart sub-irrigation system waters roots slowly, lasting over three weeks, so you can actually go on vacation without guilt. The removable inner pot makes cleaning a breeze, and the water level indicator? Absolute breakthrough. Plus, it’s tough as nails—frost, UV, and weather-resistant. Perfect for indoor jungles or even outdoor camping setups where you want a touch of home.

    • Self-Watering System:Sub-irrigation with wick
    • Drainage:Drainage plug and spillway
    • Included Saucer:No (dual-pot design replaces saucer)
    • Material:Polypropylene (PP)
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor and outdoor
    • Water Level Indicator:Yes (indicator included)
    • Additional Feature:High-gloss ceramic-like finish
    • Additional Feature:Removable inner pot
    • Additional Feature:Up to 3-week watering
  4. Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots Set of 5

    Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots Set of 5

    Most Popular

    View Latest Price

    Meet the QRRICA Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots Set of 5—the ultimate sidekick for anyone who loves plants but sometimes forgets to water them (hey, we’ve all been there after coming back from a weekend camping trip to find our ferns looking more like crispy salad). These sleek green pots—ranging from 7 to 10 inches—wickedly hydrate your plants using a smart string system, so you’re not stuck playing plant ER every time you return from an excursion. With mesh drainage and saucers, they prevent soggy roots and messy floods. Lightweight, durable, and recyclable, they’re perfect indoors or out. Plus, at 4.7 stars from over 2,400 fans, they’re clearly doing something right—wanna bet your lucky houseplant will thrive while you’re off stargazing in the woods?

    • Self-Watering System:Wick with removable feeder
    • Drainage:Mesh drainage holes
    • Included Saucer:Yes (included)
    • Material:Recyclable plastic
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor and outdoor
    • Water Level Indicator:No
    • Additional Feature:Largest set at 10″
    • Additional Feature:Door-mount compatible
    • Additional Feature:Carbonfree certified
  5. GARDENIX DECOR Self-Watering Pots 3-Pack

    GARDENIX DECOR Self-Watering Pots 3-Pack

    Budget-Friendly Pick

    View Latest Price

    If you’re the kind of person who forgets to water your plants until they’re drooping like a tired camper after a long hike—then seriously, these GARDENIX DECOR Self-Watering Pots might just be your new best friend. You get three durable, fade-resistant white pots (though they come in fun colors!) that use a smart inner chamber to wick water up as needed—no overwatering, no root rot, just happy plants. The included coco coir pellet enhances growth, and the water indicator? Chef’s kiss. You’ll actually know when to refill. Plus, they’re tough enough to survive your next “indoor camping” expedition (we’ve all been there). Just add water, pop in your plant, and forget it for 10+ days—yes, really.

    • Self-Watering System:Leg-lift reservoir system
    • Drainage:Outlet with inner pot legs
    • Included Saucer:No (integrated reservoir)
    • Material:Polypropylene (PP)
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor and outdoor
    • Water Level Indicator:Yes (measuring dial)
    • Additional Feature:Includes coco coir pellet
    • Additional Feature:Growth-tracking water dial
    • Additional Feature:Nested inner holder design
  6. GarveeLife 22.5″ Self-Watering Planters (Set of 2)

    GarveeLife 22.5 Self-Watering Planters (Set of 2)

    Editor’s Choice

    View Latest Price

    You’re going to love these GarveeLife 22.5-inch self-watering planters if you’re the kind of person who forgets to water your plants—or if you’re always on the go, like me after I packed up for a weekend camping trip and realized three days later my poor fiddle-leaf fig was giving me the silent treatment. These sleek black beauties use capillary action to draw water up from their built-in reservoir, so your plants stay happy for up to two weeks—perfect for travelers or plant parents with spotty memory (no judgment!). With a stylish diamond pattern, durable weather-resistant plastic, and a smart double-tray design that protects roots from temperature swings, they’re as tough as they are chic. Plus, the included water level monitor takes the guesswork out of care—just check and refill, easy peasy.

    • Self-Watering System:Capillary action wick
    • Drainage:Integrated drainage holes
    • Included Saucer:No (double-tray design)
    • Material:Plastic
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor and outdoor
    • Water Level Indicator:Yes (monitor included)
    • Additional Feature:Tall 22.5-inch design
    • Additional Feature:Diamond pattern texture
    • Additional Feature:Double-tray insulation system
  7. Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots with Drainage

    Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots with Drainage

    Best for Travelers

    View Latest Price

    When you’re the kind of plant lover who’s always on the go—whether jetting off for a weekend camping trip or stuck in back-to-back meetings—these Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots with Drainage are your new best friend, seriously. You’ve got four sizes (12”, 10”, 9”, 8”) to fit everything from your towering monstera to your chill snake plant, and that clever bottom reservoir with a wicking rope means your greens stay happy, even when you forget for days—guilty! Peek through the clear water window (no guessing games!) and refill only when needed. Made from tough, fade-proof plastic, they handle sun, shade, and accidental balcony drops—perfect for indoor and outdoor vibes.

    • Self-Watering System:Rope-fed bottom reservoir
    • Drainage:Bottom drainage holes
    • Included Saucer:Not specified
    • Material:High-quality plastic
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor and outdoor
    • Water Level Indicator:Yes (transparent window)
    • Additional Feature:Detachable watering device
    • Additional Feature:Transparent water window
    • Additional Feature:High-temp resistant
  8. Self-Watering Pots for Indoor/Outdoor Plants (White)

    Self-Watering Pots for Indoor/Outdoor Plants (White)

    Most Versatile

    View Latest Price

    Meet your new favorite plant sidekick—the self-watering planter that’s basically a vacation buddy for your leafy friends. You’ve got an 8”, 10”, or 12” size to match your plant’s vibe, whether it’s a tiny snake plant or a dramatic fiddle-leaf fig. The cotton wick quietly sips water from the bottom tray—no overwatering, no soggy socks for roots! Peek through the clear window to check levels, like a mini submarine mission. Perfect for busy days, camping trips, or when you just forget (we’ve all been there). It’s spill-proof, durable, works indoors and out, and yeah, even your succulents can chill—just don’t fill the tank all the way.

    • Self-Watering System:Cotton wick with tray
    • Drainage:Strategic drainage holes
    • Included Saucer:Yes (removable tray)
    • Material:High-temp resistant plastic
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor and outdoor
    • Water Level Indicator:Yes (transparent window)
    • Additional Feature:Absorbent cotton wick
    • Additional Feature:Spill-proof leak-proof tray
    • Additional Feature:Modern minimalist decor
  9. Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots Set of 5

    Self-Watering Plastic Plant Pots Set of 5

    Best Durability

    View Latest Price

    If you’re the kind of plant lover who sometimes forgets to water your green buddies—no judgment, we’ve all been there—then these QRRICA self-watering plastic pots might just be your new best friend. You get five sleek, matte-white pots (10”, 9”, 8”, 7.5”, and 7”) that look modern but won’t weigh you down—perfect for apartment living or even camping trips with your favorite snake plant (hey, don’t laugh, it’s possible!). With built-in water reservoirs and mesh drainage, your plants stay hydrated without drowning, and the included saucers? Total lifesaver for messy windowsills. Plus, they’re light, durable, and cute enough to show off—your Monstera will thank you.

    • Self-Watering System:Removable wick feeder
    • Drainage:Mesh drainage holes
    • Included Saucer:Yes (included)
    • Material:Recyclable plastic
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor and outdoor
    • Water Level Indicator:No
    • Additional Feature:Matte white finish
    • Additional Feature:Lightweight yet sturdy
    • Additional Feature:Mesh drainage holes
  10. 4 Pack Self-Watering Pots for Indoor Plants

    4 Pack Self-Watering Pots for Indoor Plants

    Ideal for Beginners

    View Latest Price

    You’re going to love these 4-pack self-watering pots if you’re the kind of person who forgets to water your plants—or if you’re always jetting off for weekend camping trips and coming back to sad, droopy greens. These clever pots hold water in a built-in reservoir, so your plants drink when they’re thirsty (no more overwatering or underwatering drama). The clear tank lets you see when it’s time to refill—super handy, right? They come in two sizes (4” and 5.5”), great for succulents, peace lilies, even cacti, and the breathable bottom holes help roots stay healthy. Lightweight, tough plastic means they won’t crack if you bump them. Honestly, they’re like a vacation plan—for your plants!

    • Self-Watering System:Cotton wick with clear reservoir
    • Drainage:Ventilation holes
    • Included Saucer:Yes (clear reservoir acts as saucer)
    • Material:Sturdy plastic
    • Indoor/Outdoor Use:Indoor and outdoor
    • Water Level Indicator:Yes (clear reservoir)
    • Additional Feature:Visible transparent reservoir
    • Additional Feature:30-day refund guarantee
    • Additional Feature:Double-layer design

Factors to Consider When Choosing Self-Watering Planters for Indoor Plants

size materials reservoir indicators

You’re gonna love how easy self-watering planters make plant care, but before you grab one, think about size and capacity—wouldn’t want your pothos throwing a root party it can’t fit, right? Look out for tough materials like UV-resistant plastic or sleek ceramic, and make sure the reservoir design actually holds enough water for a mini vacation (I once left mine for 10 days and came back to happy, not thirsty, plants!). Oh, and don’t skip checking the drainage and water level indicator—nobody wants swampy soil or a guessing game that ends in wilted drama.

Size and Capacity

Picking the right size for your self-watering planter isn’t just about finding a cute pot that matches your room decor—though we’ve all been tempted to do that and squeeze a tiny succulent into a giant vase like we’re hosting a plant sleepover. Nope, size matters for real plant health! Match the pot diameter and depth to your plant’s mature root ball: small succulents thrive in 3–6 in. pots, while big guys like monstera need 8–12+ in. to avoid getting root-bound. Think about the reservoir too—larger ones (hello, multi-liter tanks!) mean fewer refills and happy, thirsty plants. But don’t forget soil weight: bigger pots get heavy when wet, so consider where you’ll actually place it. And hey, make sure the inner planting chamber gives roots at least 6–8 in. to stretch. Planning ahead? Go one or two inches wider than your plant’s current pot to allow growth—your future self (and your plant) will thank you.

Material Durability

While your plant’s not exactly packing a suitcase for a cross-country road trip, its planter kind of has to endure its own version of rough terrain—sudden temperature shifts, accidental bumps during repositioning, and the daily humidity rollercoaster near a sunny window. So, pick a planter that won’t crack like a cheap tent stake! Go for polypropylene or other high-density plastics—they laugh at UV rays and won’t fade like your favorite T-shirt left in the sun. Thicker walls, around 3–5 mm, mean less warping and more “oomph” when you carry it around like campfire gear. And hey, color-injected materials? Total breakthrough—no peeling paint that looks like a zombie snack. Removable inner pots make cleaning a breeze, plus they prevent cracks from constant handling. Skip flimsy ceramics or low-grade plastics; they’re like bringing cardboard on a camping trip—disaster waiting to happen. Your planter’s your plant’s home, so build it to last!

Reservoir Design

Now that your planter’s built like a backcountry-ready shelter—tough, reliable, and ready to handle life’s little bumps—it’s time to talk about what’s really making it tick: the reservoir. Think of it as your plant’s personal hydration pack—bigger ones (several liters!) can keep your green buddy happy for up to three weeks, perfect when you’re off on excursions. You want a sealed chamber with a wick or capillary mat, so roots sip water like a slow-melting snowdrift, not drown in a swamp. Peekable windows? Yes, please—they’re like fuel gauges, so you’re never guessing. Removable pots or clean-out ports make scrubbing easy (nobody likes stinky, algae-filled tanks). And don’t forget overflow holes—because surprise rainstorms (or your overzealous watering) shouldn’t turn your floor into a lake. Smart reservoirs keep roots happy, hydrated, and breathing—just like a well-packed camping kit!

Drainage System

You’ve got your plant’s water supply dialed in like a trusty hydration bladder on a long hike, but what happens when things get *too* juicy down in the root zone? Without smart drainage, your lush greens could be swimming in trouble—hello, root rot! That’s why the best self-watering planters include escape routes for excess water, like overflow holes or removable plugs, so your plant’s feet aren’t stuck in a puddle. Look for an inner pot with mesh holes or an elevated basket; it lets roots sip from the reservoir like a camel at an oasis—hydrated, not drowned. Visible saucers or easy-to-pull trays? transformative. They let you check for sneaky salt buildup or leftover gunk, just like cleaning out your camp stove. Plus, air gaps or channels keep roots breathing, avoiding that swampy, anaerobic funk. And bonus: adjustable drainage means you can tweak moisture—less drip for desert-lovers like succulents, more for thirsty jungle fans. Smart drainage = happy roots, happy plant, happy you.

Water Level Indicator

Honestly, you’ll *love* how easy a good water level indicator makes plant care—it’s like having a built-in fuel gauge for your green buddy, so you never have to play that annoying guessing game of “Is it thirsty or totally soaked?” Peek through a clear side window and bam, you instantly see if the reservoir’s running on fumes or still half-full, kind of like checking your water bottle on a hike before deciding whether to refill at the next stream. Want bonus points? Go for ones with little markings or a floating ball—super helpful for knowing *exactly* how much is left. Side windows beat top ones, trust me; foliage always ends up hiding the view. And please, pick a sealed, nonporous tube—nobody wants algae parties in their planter. If it breaks? No panic. Just lift the pot (lighter = drier) or use a moisture meter. Easy-peasy, right?

Aesthetic Compatibility

While you’re picking out a self-watering planter, don’t just think about how well it drinks—think about how well it *dresses*, because let’s face it, your fiddle-leaf fig isn’t the only one trying to make a statement in your living room. Want a calm, cozy vibe? Go matte and neutral—perfect for Scandinavian spaces that whisper “chill.” Craving drama? Shine bright with high-gloss, Art Deco-style pots that scream “look at me!” Match the planter’s size to your plant and spot—big, tall ones for floor jungles, small cuties for shelves. Play with shapes: round pots soften a room, while geometric ones add edge, like a cool hat on a modern sofa. And hey, don’t ignore those little functional bits—water windows or saucers can look sleek if they blend in or even become design quirks you love. Choose colors that either whisper softly with your decor or pop like confetti. Your planter should feel like it belongs—not just survives, but *thrives* in style.

Indoor Placement Needs

Picking the perfect spot for your self-watering planter isn’t just about finding where it *looks* good—it’s like setting up basecamp for a plant expedition, and trust me, location is everything. How much sun does that corner really get? If your plant’s craving six hours of light, make sure your planter’s reservoir can keep up—bright spots dry out faster, even with self-watering magic. Is your windowsill wobbly or your shelf maxed out? Check the planter’s size and weight so it won’t tip over like a tent in a breeze. Watch out for sneaky heat sources—radiators or sunny glass—because they’ll make water vanish faster than snacks on a camping trip. And please, don’t let a leaky saucer ruin your grandma’s antique table; toss down a waterproof coaster. Finally, can you actually reach the water window to refill it without doing yoga? Keep it accessible—your future self will thank you.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can Self-Watering Planters Cause Root Rot if Overfilled?

Yes, you can cause root rot if you overfill self-watering planters. The roots sit in too much water, can’t breathe, and start to decay. Always fill the reservoir just enough—don’t exceed the recommended level—so your plants stay healthy and thrive.

How Often Should I Refill the Water Reservoir?

You should check the reservoir weekly and refill it every 1–2 weeks, depending on your plant’s needs and the room’s conditions. Don’t overfill—keep it just below the overflow hole to avoid root rot.

Are Self-Watering Pots Safe for Pets?

Yes, they’re safe for pets as long as you keep toxic plants out of reach. Just make sure your furry friends don’t drink from the reservoir, and always use pet-safe soil and fertilizers to keep everyone healthy and happy around your indoor greenery.

Do Self-Watering Planters Work With All Soil Types?

Yes, they do, but you’ll get the best results if you use well-draining soil. Regular garden soil can clump and block the system, so stick with potting mix—you’ll keep your plants happy and the watering steady without any soggy surprises.

Can I Use Self-Watering Pots for Herbs Indoors?

Yes, you can use self-watering pots for herbs indoors. They’ll thrive as long as you use well-draining soil, check moisture levels regularly, and guarantee your herbs get enough light—basil, mint, and thyme especially love the consistent hydration these pots provide.

Overall

So, you’ve seen the best self-watering planters—cool, right? Imagine coming back from a weekend camping trip (bugs, s’mores, the whole deal) and your plants aren’t drama queens, just happily hydrated. These pots do the work so you don’t have to play plant nurse. Pick one (or three), stick in your favorite green buddy, and boom—less stress, more chill. Seriously, your future self (and your spider plant) will thank you. Go on, treat yourself!

Similar Posts

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *